Mehrnaz Ajorloo
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: The role of genetic factors in the treatment and prognosis of cancer
Biography
Biography: Mehrnaz Ajorloo
Abstract
Generally, cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell division due to the interference of environmental factors and genetic disorders. Among of the key genes involved in the guidance of cancer cells can be mentioned to Oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, restorative genes and responsible for planned death. In recent pathologic studies that tumor size was calculated based on millimeters, Percentage of tubular body, mitosis and polymorphisms rates express that there is a direct correlation between tumor size and tissue grading with genetic factors. In this regard, some factors such as tumor size, tumor stage, type, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, P53 and HER2 have a more effective role in the prognosis of cancer. For example, the restorer gene BRCA-1 located on the chromosome 17q21 can produce proteins that have the power to correct defective genes. This protein contains Zink Finger, which in addition to controlling the expression of related genes, also has the ability to repair fractures of double strands of DNA. As a result, all genes in the cells naturally get damage by natural and metabolic factors that require restorative proteins. For this reason, prognosis that can be examined with genetic markers, in relation to the normal cells that go out of their standard pathway and become cancerous, it can be very helpful in the diagnosis process .